Suspension form of talk torsion beam suspension briefly

On the use of very common torsion beam suspension in the small car, usually classified into "semi-independent" category. Strictly speaking, from the perspective of automotive engineering, the torsion beam suspension of the guide mechanism is about one-piece wheel share the "H" shaped or "C"-shaped member, form hard shaft suspension similar. Except that it moves the left and right sides of the trailing arm, because the elasticity of the torsion beam itself slightly, leaving the left and right wheel operation has a certain degree of independent. As the guiding mechanism of the wheel trailing arm, kingpin angle variation counted as independent trailing arm suspension. Therefore, the torsion beam is the so-called "semi-independent" is from the torsion beam itself elastic, once the structure of the torsion beam for reinforcement, means that the these Xu elastic also no existence of space, if the torsion beam can not have a slight deformation should also be referred to as non-independent suspension.
The performance of the torsion beam
CTCC arena the hippocampus Z1 fleet racing may not be the biggest horsepower but the corners on the strength of the other teams daunting This is because the the 1600CC group of racing, in addition to the hippocampus fleet outside other racing torsion beam rear suspension, lost in the corners of the the "class McPherson hippocampus racing. Less space occupied by torsion beam chassis, has a very attractive for small vehicles require small body space, its compact structure. But its driving performance on strong far from satisfactory, because of the way it operates close to non-independent suspension, which filter shock or handling, are far less than traditional independent suspension. Additionally, in turn, torsion beam because the left and right side of the differential, and makes the rear wheel and front wheel "rivalry", poor steering performance. And torsion beam is monolithic, the wheels of the main pin pour, caster (adjust the torsion beam height can change), and beam angle and other parameters, can not through conventional means to take the initiative to change, in terms of control, plasticity is also quite limited . To put it plainly, the value of the existence of the torsion beam, is the province children.
The trend of the torsion beam
2011 Shanghai International Auto Show, the well-known German automotive parts manufacturers to showcase a new design torsion beam rear suspension assembly. The general torsion beam rear suspension, rear brake bridge, wheel bearings are all integrated in the arm of the torsion beam. ZF show new technologies, it is of the torsion beam and the rear wheel Hub independent open, that is the Hub of the rear wheel is a semi-movable member, and is fixed to the torsion beam. Can be modified by changing the Hub of the fixed point, the value of the static positioning of the rear wheels. This is to improve the performance of the torsion beam traveling, especially corner performance before by adjusting the beam the kingpin introversion parameters to improve. However, the cost of the traditional torsion beam suspension, the production cost of the new technology will be a key factor affect whether the depot used.

 Torsion beam cross-section in Fig.

Standard torsion beam, beams in the middle rear wheels to withstand lateral force support, you can say that both the role of the subframe for small cars generally not high rigidity, can be described as killing two birds with one stone.

This is the variable geometry of the torsion beam. Hub body can see the rear wheel attached to the top of the arm itself is based on a semi-floating state, can slightly adjust the wheel alignment parameters.

Suspension form of talk briefly multi-link suspension

Is generally believed that the multi-link (Multi-Link) from the wishbone and trailing arm type suspension evolved. Pass movement or force of the wishbone, and the dragging arm broken down into a number of connecting rods, in order to achieve the equivalent effect. Carefully studied even after depot space multi-link, more than a traditional rocker amounted to more change motion characteristics (where the movement is the suspension system of the action, rather than the movement of the vehicle performance). According to the layout of the connecting rod, we can still be the most multi-link design is divided into class McPherson "or" class double wishbone ", while a handful of cases, the degree of complexity of some multi-link difficult so general. Higher R & D costs, and the space occupied relatively large, multi-link suspension in the form used for the intermediate to advanced models.
Connecting rod and rocker arm
First concept of the connecting rod and rocker arm division. From the definition of the project, only a force at both ends of the rod, and the torque around axial twist trend called "rod so that the rod; force and torque by various directions at the same time, referred to as" arm . " Force in the form of different types, is the main basis of the distinction of the connecting rod and rocker arm. Of course, the appearance on the differences enough people will be able to tell the difference, because the force push and pull the rod shape slender arm to undertake more complex forces and moments, arm body itself will be more stout, while several hinge points with the frame or knuckle, perhaps stronger hinge point structure. Called "composite multi-link rear suspension rocker arm and connecting rod combination multi-link system, such as the Mazda / Ford Focus, Toyota Reiz / Lexus IS such.
Multi-link characteristics
Many people say that the multi-link suspension is comfortable suspension, really? Use of a complex multi-link kinematic geometry through different link constitute a constraint conditions obtained in conformity with the requirements of the depot instantaneous motion center (knuckle around a point of rotation which is located at a certain tract arc, a position specific corresponding to the center of the circle) and the corresponding trajectory. This walking system suspension system guided movement, according to the linkage design, and have different characteristics. However, increasing the comfort requirements of senior automotive, multi-link more often is used to "create" comfort. For example, in suspension uplink (analog obstacles encountered protrusions) kingpin inclination is more closer to the forward direction, the by protrusions process more smooth, So depot will turn to the section below the connecting rod design for the last row will knuckle pull back the top of the rod is in the last row will knuckle push forward So knuckle uplink, kingpin anteversion increases, smoother through the barrier to meet the comfort needs of. However, in some models, it can also be designed high movement, such as the Nissan GTR, Porsche 911, the rear suspension is multi-link system.
Multi-link modified
Under multiple constraints, multi-link system at the design stage, it has to be related to the very complex kinematics computation theory, as well as a series of simulation tests. Tuner, multi-link set-make them quite a headache. Modified product is now commercially available multi-link, for the performance of its publicity, at most, is the "restore factory settings" or "corrective the eight gnawing tire phenomenon", the effect of this recovery, seldom raised "significant enhance the handling performance of such rhetoric. In order to effectively enhance the driving performance of multi-link, unless they have the data of the original car, and have comparable depot suspension engineering technical force. The more complex, you want to get the absolute positive effect by adjusting, the harder.

As shown, this is very typical from McPherson suspension improvements from the second link front suspension. Two-link the connection point of the knuckle is coaxial with the kingpin axis of the shock absorber column, telescopic suspension so it will not bring about changes in the caster angle (Caster).

As shown, this is very typical from McPherson suspension improvements from the second link front suspension. Two-link the connection point of the knuckle is coaxial with the kingpin axis of the shock absorber column, telescopic suspension so it will not bring about changes in the caster angle (Caster)..........

Plan your trip - RV Travel costs submissions

According to your RV travel near and far, the cost of travel will be different. All travel costs depending on the requirements of the eating conditions when you travel. Just simple and plain diet, then you can easily afford the the RV travel expenses.
 
   Oil prices are now a hot topic. This summer, oil prices have been rising, and began a slow downward trend. Travel, the best place to refuel in suburban truck parking. If your RV diesel engine, there will also provide diesel. Convenient gas station in the city is not a diesel. Clear that the price of diesel is cheaper than gasoline, but with the recent rise in gasoline prices, the diesel also more expensive and can not be found anywhere cheaper fuel. We are unable to determine the level of oil prices, only to make adequate preparations. Typically, the coastal city's oil is more expensive than inland cities; many the large refueling chains provide fuel card, if you often travel, this is a good refueling choose.

When you travel, it is best to always check the fuel tank. If long-distance travel is even more necessary if real traveler will be out in front for once oil. Travel should always check to ensure that no fuel leaks. Also note that some of the fuel-saving measures; travel to avoid long throttle travel; try to maintain a constant speed when traveling at high speed on the road; cruise control system to make long-distance running. Of course, the road conditions will also affect your fuel situation, rough road and mountain road will let your saloon cars consume more fuel. Also, how many bags you bring as well as the weight of the trailer will affect your fuel economy plan.
 
   Driving a saloon car traveling of course, pay attention to the situation in the camps, many camps have different interfaces. Maybe you can join to become a member of the camp, many camps in the nation have some members only RV parking Camp places. Members can have free parking. If you often travel to different places, this is a good choice. For those full-time RV travelers, a battalion bits are their home, they have long been accustomed to. In the high season, you can be up in a camp places to stop one to two weeks; while in the off-season, this time may be extended to three weeks. RV camp, some camp places the water interface, and some do not, and their prices are also different. Launching interface camp places will usually centralized RV park, which also limits the angle you watch the scenery in the RV.
 
   Some camp places do not provide an interface to allow you to spend the night, and this case, you have to rely on your alternator, battery, water tank, sewage tank. If you only stay one night, no problem. If you travel, you already feel very tired, but they can not find in the vicinity of the RV camp, you can choose to stop overnight in truck parking or Wal-Mart. Although there may be a bit noisy, but before you continue on the road should have a good rest.
 
   Many urban communities have some cheap entertainment activities. Member of the National Park offers year-round, about $ 50 you can enjoy the membership. You can visit the various national parks in the nation. Some national parks have RV camp places, you need to pay for overnight, but if it is a member, then you can free parking. Some cities have free admission to the museum, to give you a great opportunity to understand the local customs. Travel Service Center can provide local tourist information.

In order to save money, you can prepare some fruit, sandwiches and other convenience foods. But you may soon these foods has lost interest, then the occasional meal at a local restaurant can be regarded as a good swap.
 
   Whether you go to travel, what to consider these recommendations, your journey may not seem so elusive. But remember: your journey and the journey depends on the length of your trip and travel expenses are doing. 

RV travel season: Are you ready for this

If you like driving a saloon car to roam on the road this season will encounter many companions, they also love that freedom. Well before the start of the road, we must make the necessary preparations:
  
   First to clean air, open all the windows and sunroof, replace the air conditioning filter is also a good idea;
 
   Look at the door, windows, sunroof seal is damaged, if necessary, should be replaced with new;
 
   See awnings have moldy or moth-eaten phenomenon;
 
   Check whether the brake system wear loose, damaged;
 
   Change the oil and spark plugs. Many manufacturers will recommend RV storage should change the oil and filter, and then re-use should no longer do so once. RV is not in use for a long time, the oil is dispersed and form a block may damage the engine. Replace the spark plug, it is best to use the products recommended by the manufacturer;
 
   Check the engine;
 
   Check the battery;
 
   Check the oil supply line;
 
   RV storage using a non-toxic antifreeze, should be rinsed and replaced with a suitable cooling liquid;
 
   Check whether the belt is loose or damaged, if necessary with a new one;
 
   Check the water tank;
 
   Check the tires, to see whether there are cracks, disconnection, tire pressure is appropriate;
 
   Check the lights, ensure headlights, taillights, brake lights, turn signals are working properly;
 
   Throughout the summer in order to ensure that the car is safe and reliable work, in addition to check the mechanical part, you should also take a look at your safety equipment is normal. This means to give flashlights, smoke detector placement of the new battery, but also to prepare a new first aid kit.

Ten coup opened the decrease in RV travel expenses

Buy a practical saloon car, you do not need to completely buy luxury cars, because the choice of what kind of RV travel, you can enjoy the same relaxing and scenic.

Choose the right camp pre-season or postseason discount during travel can also save you a small fortune in expenses, camp, RV parks, theme parks and other attractions have similar promotional activities every year.
 
   The select camp overnight, try not to choose the commercial camp, as much as possible to find some relatively low-cost cities or countries campsites. Free park, there are actually the many camps allow overnight even some free camping a few days.
 
   If you can not find the free camp, it does not matter, try camping in the same camp, because many campgrounds and RV parks will provide value discount camping long time campers.

 The travelers select dining out also great sport, but the cost of meals is not a small number, so we should be in line with the practical and thrifty mentality, such as at noon rather than at night (the people more than the price naturally more expensive) dining out can save you a lot of money spending; smaller restaurants the same choice rather than a large restaurant chain to surprise you.
 
   Local conditions, make full use of regional advantages. Each region has different possible these differences translate into your RV travel enjoyment.
 
   Supermarket, you do not have to put all the travel stuff all bought, you can discount shops, roadside stalls, flea markets, camp convenience store at a lower price to buy the things you need, but also for RV to save some fuel costs.

Yourself to maintain their RV. Now there are many websites will provide free practical saloon car repair and maintenance recommendations, through online learning can let you very easy to learn to how maintenance and repair their own room car, same you also can from RV forum or RV partners there to get Touring Car Maintenance and maintenance recommendations and information.
 
   Let Your RV travel pay for its own right! In fact, the RV travelers who are there are a lot of methods to make money when they travel by car, such as the side trip while driving RV Travel, incidentally the other passengers need to hurry.
 Practical and thrifty mentality allows you to save a lot of unnecessary expenses, RV travel vacation way which is the cheapest.

RV Accessories: sliding undercarriage RV travel easier

If you buy the RV sliding undercarriage, you never know what you have missed. RV sliding car tray to let you easily find needed something in their luggage, without having to move out of all things. Sometimes, if there is no sliding undercarriage you may replace them with a plastic box, which is also useful, but if you're looking for something in the middle of the box, something a little trouble.

Some RV sliding car plate belongs to the "all-through" style, and that means you can be opened at any side of the RV.
 
   This will be very convenient, because maybe you in RV camps parking, RV may be close to the pole or other obstacle, if you can slide the car plate can be "all-through", this situation will not become your trouble. This sliding car plate not only applies to motorhomes, some the trailer type B room on board with such a device, such as Doubletree RV.
 
   This sliding car plate can slide to the other side close to the RV and locked, and thus avoid the shift.

New saloon cars such as Alpine application of the four expansion, this expansion of the RV can slide further. Because this RV When the expansion is opened, it is difficult to get in the extended baggage of the following. So like this Alpine Touring Car design install additional extension chute.
 
   Generally, when to use this store luggage items sliding car plate RV overload, but not a lot of risk, but it is best to use this new RV accessories or deadweight range.
 
    Installation of saloon cars sliding car disk can also be sold on the market, most of the the room auto show meeting have several accessories to sell accessories. Or disk sliding cars found on this website:

Rhapsody" self-propelled Type A RV, Country Coach latest masterpiece

Valued at $ 1.3 million, with two lavatories, four flat-screen TV, two sets of home theater systems, and for such a saloon car what would you call it?

Maybe you'll call it "extravagant, original, catches the attention of the consumer goods", Country Coach in Junction City RV manufacturers have been manufactured out of the RV and named "Rhapsody", meaning for: joyenthusiasm release; the providential happiness; fascinated.
 
   Weighing up to 53,000 pounds (24 tons), a diesel-powered land yacht if people feel the happiness of heaven-sent is still an uncertain, but it certainly represents Country Coach own corporate slogan is "Rhapsody" RV bold practice: "the world's most purely saloon cars."
 
   Country Coach spent more than two years R & D and manufacturing, "Rhapsody" RV, apparently its purchase by the crowd does not care the price, such as the NASCAR drivers, professional golfers, hedge fund manager to retire entrepreneurs worldwide. Country Coach RV sales prospects of the "Rhapsody" very confident.
 
   In April, a New Jersey dealer has sold a "Rhapsody" RV, a second vehicle also has been a dealer in Florida is scheduled in the third vehicle was still located Prevost converted factory manufacture, under months factory will be listed. The scheduled to ninth vehicles.
 
   "Rhapsody" creative beginning with 2004 Country Coach CEO Jay Howard told his designers and engineers: "Manufacturing is one on the market than all other good RV I want the best."

Vehicle exterior designer team draw inspiration from automotive design, external lines for 45 feet (13.7 meters) long vehicle design. Another group is responsible for the interior, to 45 feet (13.7 meters) long, 8.5 feet (2.59 meters) wide body interior unique luxury decoration, a key part of Crestron system (Crestron system is designed and installed multimedia control system, so that the "Rhapsody" RV owners Audio visual system can be controlled in the range of arm and other electronic devices, air conditioners, water heaters, awnings, lighting and so on.) Unlike traditional raised panel cabinets, designer with a sleek European style, the use of imitation car paint. Has four expansion space.

The biggest challenge is to find the right impetus to drive the car as the train guy. The engine engineers they can find the biggest, most powerful engine - 15.2 liters Caterillar C-15, power output reaches 625 horsepower and torque up to 2050 lb-feet (about 2777 Nm).
 
   In September 2005, the engine engineers and designers to draw the site sketches were a large number of tests to ensure the normal operation of the various systems. In March 2006, began manufacturing a "Rhapsody". Manufacturing sites and fiberglass shell factory in Junction City, then shipped to Prevost tuner modified. In August 2006, a "Rhapsody" manufactured to start the road test.

 

Leisure Travel RV Basics articles

Whether you use a compact folding trailer RV or big to ten meters long, Luxury self-propelled motor homes. When you use it to Hugh tourism activities, it will always bring you and your family, endless joy and convenience.

    Basically, Travel RV is a home equipped with four-wheel just started using some need special attention, perhaps, but when you are familiar with the correct way to use later, you will find these systems, you are quite familiar, just like almost home.

    Water supply systems and wastewater systems / / supply system / / refrigerator / / equipment you travel car / / trailer RV

    Water supply systems and wastewater systems

All travel car, can provide a very important feeling is _ it so that you can, such as comfort and convenience of the home. Because it has a well-established water supply system. Without this system, the Travel RV tours today, would not be so prosperous.

    Water supply systems and wastewater systems to co-exist, in fact, can be considered as the same system. The water supply system must be home convenience, as long as you turn on the tap, the water will flow out automatically. The solution tank with clean water from the car installed inside or from the camp ground water faucet. The water tank of the car, a 12V automatic pressurized water supply pumps. When you open the water pump switch, it will be the car of the entire water supply plumbing, pressurized to 20 to 40 PSI. The built-in fresh water tank, usually with a lock water plus outlet, plumbing, water poured into the clear water tank from the outside of the vehicle.

    Another water supply, is the use of an external water fittings and plumbing supply lines directly to the car, connecting in the camp's water supply faucet. Thus, the need to use a pressure pump. When the external water supply is stopped, the car pressurized pump still automatically replaced. So, you can ensure that you use on the convenience.

    Please remember, when you travel car without car water pump switch off. If your solution tank with water, the water supply pumps stop idling likely to cause damage to the faucet when you want the external water pipes, and received a camp before, please pipes filled with water, to minimize access to the water supply system air quantity. To air from the plumbing drain is a simple and basic water program. First of all, the first clear water tank filled with water, then the water supply pumps open, and then, all car faucet open until the water that comes out, no air can. When you use an external water source, you also have to do a basic program to exhaust.

    Due to the the general household tap water supply system, very high pressure (100 psi). When you use an external water source, you must have a pressure reducing valve device to reduce the water pressure of the water supply, so as not to damage your car's original water supply system (40 psi). Currently, many new types of vehicles before leaving the factory, equipped with such a pressure reducing valve. If your external water fittings, no pre-loaded pressure relief valve, as long as you install a "external plumbing can.

Car sunroof beauty of the rainy season quickly demist

There are a lot of cars have a lot of configuration and combination of functions, was sometimes too busy, but in fact can be used to play few functions, such as seats, air conditioning, audio, video, and more. But many of the configuration in the car we ignored generally will not need, only when decorative set aside.
Here we take a look at the ignored some configuration as well as cleaning.
Do not let the sunroof to continue when the furnishings
Car sunroof along with the car and the birth, once even become a luxury car and luxury version of the flag. Now car only to spend thousands of dollars will be able Optional many economy cars factory equipped with a sunroof the various panoramic sunroof is also widely used in the car. Heavy urban pollution, hot weather, and other factors so many owners rarely open it, or only occasional outings open sunroof became redundant configuration. However, this small skylight, is not just beautiful and so simple, it is useless fact, many.
Car sunroof is the use of the principle of negative pressure ventilation, can rely on the car to the rapid flow of airflow in the roof in motion a negative pressure inside the car, quickly the car polluted air out of. Make good use of this principle, but also for the car to cool down quickly in the summer to reduce the pressure of the air conditioning. In addition, it is recommended that you owners: can not ignore the sunroof maintenance, such as a problem sunroof does not open, appear leaking or that appeared sound, it is undoubtedly give yourself the inconvenience.
Also there is the beauty of the car sunroof
First of all, we can speed up the circulation of air inside the vehicle speed sunroof ventilation principle, in exchange for more fresh air. A "window", as if more than a vent, in the case of the car higher number, may wish to pull the sunroof, you can quickly improve the condition of the air inside. When you open the skylight ventilation in motion, you will find that dust does not actually involved in the car, and the wind noise is very small.
Second, you can make good use of skylights defogging rapidly during the rainy season. In the summer and more rain, large temperature difference between the season, driving the process windows closed, caused by the temperature difference between inside and outside the vehicle, the front windshield and side windows are easy to form a mist. In this time, the open sunroof can air circulation, the more you can breathe more fresh air.
Automotive sunroof is also a sign of luxury, but also use it to exclude car visceral stuff out and let fresh air in the car; so humble configuration or a lot of uses.

The proper use and maintenance of the turbocharged engine

The previous section, we say that a lot of the characteristics of the turbocharger and choose the right oil. Add key is kept clean turbocharger, with a small gap between the turbocharger shaft and sleeve bearing outer ring and trace the gap between the sets, and therefore called full floating bearings bearings in high-speed rotation of the inner and outer rings are rotating.Lubricants not only the lubrication capacity requirements there is also very critical to keep clean. Any fine particles card will result between the rotating object the lubrication capacity decreased, affect the service life of the turbocharger.

Therefore, the supercharged engine to bring pleasure to us driving turbocharged engine with a high-speed, high-temperature concept. Nearly 200,000 rpm full load / per minute, high-speed, high temperature of almost 1000 degrees. Require great attention to them to use as far as possible the following aspects.I believe that many riders have mastered very well, we begin at the beginning to make more friends to understand and master.

Using toothpaste handling paint on small rust spots

Hit the finish in the road, sometimes tires bouncing small stones to make the flaking paint appears a small point, if the owner is the matter stood a long time on rust easily, but not worth paying carbeauty shop. This is to teach your own hands to deal with these small rust spots.

The first method is usually used toothpaste can be a temporary anti-rust. New small scar toothpaste gently wipe circle painted on the scratched area. After rain or car wash, do not forget to Reapply. Do so generally reduce the scratch mark, isolation can simply play a role, the short term to prevent rust, white paint, the effect is most obvious.

Another method is to use the car with the original paint or touch-up painting pen. If the rust is not very serious, and can be dipped in water with a very fine water sandpaper gently rubbed off the rust, the same polished to a straight line. And so completely wipe coated with primer. After that, if the vehicle is equipped with a small can of the original paint on the primer dries, and then water sandpaper be polished, painted with the original paint over the primer. If there is no original paint, you can purchase a complement paint pen, colored handle up painting. Although this treatment did not go to the beauty shop, good effect, but do not look carefully is also not apparent.

How to avoid lightning lightning storm in car

On the evening of August 18, the the Zhoukou dancheng a lightning storm caused two deaths, two people were struck by lightning which led to death. This again caused a lightning weather driving safety concerns. Especially frequent lightning storm, in such extreme weather, how driving safety "," vehicle unfortunate enough to be struck by lightning, and whether it will affect the safety of the occupants. "...... These have become the owners are especially concerned about problems. Then the car during a lightning storm, how to avoid lightning strikes it?
To get off lightning than by car within
"During a lightning storm, the car is indeed a good lightning protection power places, because the car itself is a metal shell, the equivalent of a shielded room, even Ray hit the car, the current will flow along the car shell surface and release the current to the ground, car inside is safe. "Henan Jinkai after-sales service director Zhang three lightning unfortunately hit a vehicle up to the electronic components inside the vehicle losses will not hurt the safety of the occupants . Encounter a thunderstorm, the car should be chosen Parking sitting in the car, the rain in the car, do not get off to walk around the vehicle itself is easy to attract lightning conductor, if lightning struck the vehicle in the vicinity of the vehicle to move around may touch on current conduction through the ground. "need to be reminded that the the car lightning weather should shut the windows to avoid the body out of the vehicle.
Thunderstorm days to avoid parking under a tree
If driving on the way suddenly lightning, should Fangmanjusu the parking necessary to escape. Because, struck by lightning caused the loss of control of the vehicle, slow speed can reduce these risks.
Zhang also pointed three lightning weather, parking owners also need to pay particular attention to parking in the city should be careful not to vehicles parked in the trees or buildings below the billboard, sudden lightning If you happen to hit these objects may result dumped over the car. In the countryside, not to the car parked near large trees and other dangerous places, you can choose a comparatively low-lying places parking, waiting for the thunderstorm past.
Encountered lightning weather, you should try not to use the phone, the phone signal magnetic field will change because the thunder, the the powerful lightning release process to produce a strong electromagnetic field around. Therefore, it is recommended that owners put away the exterior antenna during lightning storms, temporarily turn off the car stereo to avoid car was struck by lightning current into the car, will cause the electrical circuit fault.

Category 5 wear crack how to dispose of

Automobile tires, including the spare tire, must be regular monthly checks. Check to observe the surface of the tire for cracks or scratches. Best to wear gloves out into the inside of the tire, check suspicious traces. As long as the discovery slightest suspicious of points to the dealers to immediately call for detailed examination. Faulty tires not bear to throw. If it is found that the surface of the tire wear is not normal, may be thought of wheel toe adjustment there, to go to repair.

Outside edge wear

If the cis traveling direction of observation, in the outer edges of the tire, have greater wear and tear, the tires often in underinflated state, i.e., the pressure is not enough. Possible, according to the "highway" standard inflatable than normal standard extra 30,000 Pa. Notified underinflated tire is not conducive to the running of a rainy day, and will be significantly weakened grip.

Convex and corrugated wear

Was found on both sides of the tires touch the ground part of the convex wear and tire surrounding was corrugated wear more serious car shock absorbers, bearings and spherical coupling component wear. Before replacement tires, check suspension system wear and replace worn parts. Otherwise, even if the replacement tires will not help.

3. Surface wear uniform

Tires once the pattern has been grinding dry tires reached the end of its life and must be replaced. In addition, the pattern there distraction effect of surface water, and therefore to keep the car on the ground of an important part. If wear has reached the standard depth of the tire tread (typically 1.6 mm, the width is greater than 175 mm in the tire, compared to 2 mm), it is necessary to replace.